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This second of two blogs discusses the enforcement of UK court judgments in the Netherlands and applicable law. It also gives a brief overview of other EU PIL instruments that have ceased to apply to the UK from 1 January 2021.

Since 1 January 2021, EU regulations simplifying cross-border litigation no longer apply in relation to the UK and – in most cases – to parties based in the UK.

In a judgment of 18 April 2024, the European Court of Justice (“CJEU”) ruled on preliminary questions of the City Court of Prague concerning a damages claim lodged against Google by comparison shopping service provider Heureka.

On 23 October 2020, the Dutch Supreme Court ruled that a non-resident UCITS fund is eligible for a refund of Dutch dividend withholding tax with respect to its investments in the Netherlands if strict criteria are met.

Do we need a revolution in competition rules to keep up with digital developments such as online platforms, data-sharing and 'killer acquisitions', or will a more natural evolution suffice?

The Dutch Authority for Consumers and Markets' (ACM) digital inspection guidelines should be on every company's reading list. However, they should not be taken too literally; at least according to the recent ruling from the Court of Appeal in The Hague.

Back in 2014, Stephen Hawking said, "The development of full artificial intelligence could spell the end of the human race."

The ACM worries that the use of algorithms may lead to the creation of cartels, or nudge consumers towards a purchasing decision that is not in their best interest.

On 24 September 2020, the European Commission (the “Commission”) adopted the Digital Finance Package (the “Package”). The aim of this initiative is to create a competitive EU financial sector that gives consumers access to innovative financial products.

On 19 February 2020, the European Commission revealed the first pillars of its strategic and policy objectives in the digital space over the next five years.

It is nearly time for the European Commission to reveal its course of action in digitisation and competition law.

Erik Valgaeren, Jan Joos and Thibau Duquin contributed to the article 'The Pandemic's Impact on Legal Work: A Comparative Analysis of Legal Frameworks, Practical Impacts and Innovation' published by the IBA Business Law International Journal.

The European Commission has published the Code of Practice, the worlds first stakeholder guidance on transparency, safety and security, and copyright considerations for general purpose AI-models (GPAI), which helps AI developers to comply with the AI Act.

On 16 march 2023, Advocate General Pikamäe issued his opinion on the scope of data subject rights in the context of algorithmic credit scoring.